Wines & Grapes — Criolla

The grape that survived 500 years of being ignored

Criolla arrived with the Spanish conquistadors in the 1550s. For centuries it was the worker's wine — rough, unappreciated, overlooked. Then natural winemakers discovered its century-old vines. Now it's Argentina's most fascinating comeback story.

Argentina Through Wine · 4 chapters · ~6 min read

The conquistadors planted it in 1550. For 470 years, nobody took it seriously. Then natural winemakers found the old vines — and realised Argentina had been sitting on a treasure.

Criolla Grande is one of the oldest cultivated grapes in the Americas. Descended from Spanish mission vines, it survived centuries of being overlooked while Malbec and Cabernet got all the attention. But its ancient vines — some over 100 years old — produce wines of extraordinary depth and character. The natural wine world is paying attention. The rest of the world is starting to follow.

Gnarled 100-year-old Criolla vines in an Argentine vineyard
Century-old Criolla vines — survivors of five centuries of Argentine history, now among the most coveted old-vine sources in the country
1550s
When Criolla first arrived in Argentina — brought by Spanish missionaries
100+yr
Age of the oldest surviving Criolla vines — some of the oldest in South America
0
Irrigation needed — ancient Criolla vines survive on rainfall alone, deeply rooted

How Argentina's oldest grape went from forgotten to fashionable

For most of the 20th century, Criolla was the wine nobody admitted to drinking. It was cheap, it was simple, it was everywhere — the everyday table wine of rural Argentina, drunk cold from pitchers at asado gatherings. When Malbec exploded internationally, Criolla was left even further behind. Many old vineyards were ripped out and replanted with more prestigious varieties.

But some farmers kept their ancient Criolla vines. The gnarled, low-yielding old bushvines — some more than a century old — were too difficult to uproot, or perhaps the farmers simply couldn't bear to destroy something their great-grandparents had planted. These survivors became the secret ingredient when natural winemakers arrived in Argentina in the early 2000s.

What they found was extraordinary. Old Criolla vines, dry-farmed on poor soils without irrigation, produced tiny amounts of intensely flavoured grapes with a delicacy and transparency that the international varieties couldn't match. The resulting wines — pale, aromatic, almost ethereal — became some of the most sought-after bottles to come out of Argentina. Suddenly, the oldest grape was the most exciting.

Ancient Argentine vineyard at golden hour

"These vines survived the conquistadors, the economic crises, the rip-and-replant era. They were always waiting to be discovered."

Argentina Through Wine

Start with the 500-year story

Chapter 01 traces Criolla's extraordinary journey from conquistador to cult wine.

Chapter 01: 500 Years of History →
Common Questions

Quick answers

What is Criolla grape?

Criolla (also called Criolla Grande) is a historic Argentine grape variety descended from Spanish mission vines brought by conquistadors in the 1550s. It is one of the oldest cultivated grapes in the Americas.

What does Criolla wine taste like?

Criolla makes light, fresh, easy-drinking wines with red berry fruit, floral notes and low tannins. Natural wine producers highlight its juicy, vibrant character and ability to show terroir with exceptional clarity.

Why is Criolla making a comeback?

The natural wine movement rediscovered Criolla's old vines — some over 100 years old — as the source of authentic, low-intervention wines with deep cultural roots. Its resistance to disease and drought also makes it attractive as climate change threatens other varieties.