Step 2 of 4

When It Happens

All red wine. Some white. Never sparkling base. Red wine almost universally goes through MLF — without it, reds taste sharp and aggressive. The bacteria need warmth (around 18–20°C) and time, so MLF usually happens right after the main fermentation, in the barrel or tank.

For white wine, it's a choice. Chardonnay is the famous example: Burgundy-style (MLF, barrel, buttery) vs Chablis-style (no MLF, steel, sharp). Both are “right.” Just different. Most Argentine Chardonnay goes through partial MLF — buttery but not heavy.

Sparkling wines almost never undergo MLF in the base wine — they need the high acidity to feel bright and fresh against the bubbles. Most fresh aromatic whites (Riesling, Torrontés, Sauvignon Blanc) also skip MLF for the same reason.

Two glasses of white wine side by side for comparison
Two glasses, same grape. The one with MLF is creamy. The one without is sharp.